THIS PAPER PRESENTS AN APPROACH TO THE VERY DIFFICULT PROBLEM OF HANDLING VALUES IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS, PARTICULARLY IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. IT DISCUSSES THE AUTHOR'S POSITION ON THE FOUNDATIONS OF ETHICS AND THE METHOLOLOGICAL BASIS FOR MORAL JUDGMENTS IN RELATION TO VALUE ISSUES IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES. ITS PURPOSE IS TO PROVIDE AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE NATURE OF VALUE JUDGMENTS AND OTHER CLAIMS ABOUT VALUES. REASONS ARE GIVEN FOR THE VIEWS THAT VALUE JUDGMENTS ARE INESCAPABLY INVOLVED IN ALL SCIENCES AND THAT IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES MORAL VALUE JUDGMENTS ARE SOMETIMES INVOLVED. THE DISCUSSIONS ARE PRESENTED UNDER SEVEN GENERAL AREAS--(1) ELEMENTARY EXAMPLES OF VALUE CLAIMS, (2) COMMON FALLACIES AND THEIR RESPECTABLE RELATIVES, (3) CONSTRUCTIVE ACCOUNT OF THE FACT/VALUE RELATIONSHIP, (4) EFFECTS OF EMPIRICAL UNCERTAINTY, (5) EFFECTS OF VALUE-ALLERGY, (6) REAL-VALUE CLAIMS WITHIN EVERY SCIENCE, AND (7) MORAL VALUE CLAIMS IN THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES. TWO OTHER PAPERS ARE INCLUDED IN THE SERIES--(1) "MORALITY" (AA 000 272) AND (2) "STUDENT VALUES AS EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES" (AA 000 274). THIS PAPER WAS WRITTEN AS PART OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCE EDUCATION CONSORTIUM, A CURRICULUM PROJECT DESIGNED TO OUTLINE THE CONCEPTS, METHODS, AND STRUCTURE OF SEVERAL OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES FOR USE BY TEACHERS AND CURRICULUM WORKERS AT ALL GRADE LEVELS. (RS)